Intermediate Unit 6a

Ushbu sahifalar ingliz tilini o'rganuvchilarga mo'ljallangan "Life" o'quv qo'llanmasining Intermediate darajasiga tegishli bo'limdan parchadir. Bu bo'lim modal fe'llar must, have to va need to ning majburiyat, ta'qiq va zaruriyat yo'qligini ifodalashdagi ishlatilishiga bag'ishlangan. Matnda birinchi marafonga tayyorgarlik ko'rish bo'yicha maslahatlar, ushbu fe'llarning grammatik qoidalari va ularning farqlari tushuntirilgan. Shuningdek, don't have to va mustn't o'rtasidagi farqga ham e'tibor qaratilgan. Bo'lim so'ngida mavzuni mustahkamlash uchun mashqlar berilgan.

Asosiy mavzular

• Must, have to, need to (majburiyat): Ushbu modal fe'llar biror narsani qilish majburiyatini yoki muhimligini ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Ularning affirmatik shakldagi ma'nolari deyarli bir xil. Must ko'proq so'zlovchining fikrini ifodalasa, have to va need to ko'proq boshqa biror kimning qarorini ko'rsatadi. Masalan, "I must get up early tomorrow morning" (Men ertaga erta turishim kerak) va "My trainer says I have to/need to get more practice over the full distance" (Murabbiyim menga to'liq masofani ko'proq mashq qilishim kerakligini aytdi).
• Mustn't (ta'qiq): Mustn't biror narsani qilish taqiqlanganligini yoki juda muhim emasligini ifodalaydi. Masalan, "You mustn't get dehydrated" (Siz suvsizlanmasligingiz kerak).
• Don't have to, don't need to (zaruriyat yo'qligi): Don't have to va don't need to biror narsa muhim emasligini yoki majburiy emasligini ko'rsatadi. Shuningdek, ular biror narsani qilmaslikni tanlash imkoniyatini ham ifodalashi mumkin. Masalan, "You don't have to/don't need to be a world-class athlete to run a marathon" (Marafon yugurish uchun jahon darajasidagi sportchi bo'lishingiz shart emas).
• Don't have to vs. Mustn't: Don't have to biror narsani qilish majburiy emasligini, mustn't esa biror narsani qilish taqiqlanganligini bildiradi. Misol uchun, "You don't have to run every day" (Siz har kuni yugurishingiz shart emas) va "You mustn't run every day" (Siz har kuni yugurmang).