Высшая нервная деятельность
This presentation covers the topic of higher nervous activity (HNA). It begins by introducing the fundamental concepts of HNA and reflexes, and the scientists who pioneered the field, including I.M. Sechenov and I.P. Pavlov. It explains the differences between unconditioned and conditioned reflexes, providing examples such as salivation in dogs. The presentation then delves into the characteristics of both types of reflexes, including their acquisition, permanence, and the neural pathways involved. The concept of inhibition is also discussed, differentiating between external and internal inhibition, and explaining their significance in adaptation. The presentation also explores the differences between HNA in humans and animals, emphasizing the role of instincts, learning, and the second signal system in human cognition. It touches upon concepts like imprinting and insight, and the importance of language in human thought. Lastly, it covers the topic of sleep, its stages, and the underlying brain mechanisms, and touches on temperament types.